Abstract

Objectives: 1) To raise awareness on seroconversion among ANC clients and nursing mothers with respect to vertical transmission of HIV infection. 2) To advocate for regular repeat HIV testing among women during the risky period of mother to child transmission of HIV especially in high burden countries. Methods: A case series reports of 4 women who seroconverted while still in anti-natal care and during breastfeeding in 2 public hospitals in southwest Nigeria. Results: Three out of the five babies whose mothers seroconverted were HIV infected as confirmed by HIV DNA PCR test. Conclusion: Re-screening for HIV during the course of pregnancy, delivery and breastfeeding is therefore recommended to identify pregnant and nursing mothers who may seroconvert or get newly infected especially during this risky period of mother to child transmission of HIV. This would allow the necessary PMTCT interventions to be initiated early and protect children from HIV infection.